Les actus du jour - Hugo Décrypte: Le SNU va-t-il vraiment devenir obligatoire, Marine Le Pen accusée, pape à Marseille… Actus du jour

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I hope you're doing well. We left together for a new dive into actuality in about 10 minutes.

This Tuesday, in the media, the member of the government, Priscatevno,

said he wanted to go to an obligation of the Universal National Service. According to her,

the SNU has a vocation to become, I quote, a Republican passage for a whole generation.

But then let's get back to it quickly. What is the SNU? The Universal National Service was created

in 2019 and it is a free device and based for the moment on the volunteer who is divided into three phases.

The first step is a session, so it's 12 days, encoded, in particular, by former

military forces during which young volunteers between 15 and 17 years old wear a uniform,

sing the Marseillaise, do sports, cultural activities or still intellectual activities.

And by the way, we can note that from March 2024, this 12-day session will be integrated

in the school time for the second students who are volunteers, otherwise it will not

be added in a few hours. This is the first step, these famous 12 days encoded by

former military forces with all kinds of activities. The second step then is the

realization of a general interest mission of at least 84 hours. It can be, for example,

in an association within the army or others. Finally, the third step, which is facultative,

if you join the SNU, is the possibility of volunteers, by engaging, for example,

in a civic service mission or by doing benevolence.

So the objective of the SNU is to strengthen the social cohesion between young people in France.

But since its establishment, the SNU has not managed to attract as many young people as it wanted,

while the goal was to welcome 50,000 young people a year. They were only 32,000 volunteers

to participate in the cohesion stage in 2022, over 600,000 young people are eligible.

So we will see in an instance that has this story of obligation of the UN service.

So why does the SNU do so much debate?

So concerning the arguments for, I just said it, for the government, it is a goal

of national cohesion, to gather all the young people in France behind the French flag

and in this framework. But concerning the criticisms now, well, the first criticism

that is made to the SNU, it is its side in some sort of militaristic.

In April last, for example, the syndicate teaching SNESFSU estimated, I quote,

that social cohesion does not support by force and constraint,

by putting young people at the mercy of you.

The criticism associated with that is also the fact that there was a certain number of revelations,

act of humiliation that could have happened in the framework of certain stages and certain

SNU days. For example, according to a survey by France Info that was published a few days ago,

young people were forced to pump on the points and the whole directly on the gravel.

A punition that had strongly reacted, but by the way, we can also note accusations

in some cases of sexual harassment or racism.

I put you links in description to know more about it.

The prosecutor of the Republic had been seized of his deeds a few months ago.

This is therefore the first element of criticism.

By the way, the second element that makes debate is the question of the cost of this SNU.

In fact, according to a report published in March 2023, the cost per year of a SNU

generalised for all young people, typically in second class, represented more than 2 billion euros per year.

However, several cases estimate that this money should rather be injected into other programs,

especially in public schools that lack means.

This is therefore for the elements of debate.

Now, is it going to be mandatory?

It must be noted that the government has often changed its view on the SNU.

In 2017, the SNU was a promise from Emmanuel Macron.

He wanted to make it mandatory.

He had mentioned, I quote, a national service of short, mandatory and universal duration.

After the phase of experimentation, the government announced at the end of 2019 that it would become mandatory.

And then, in April last, Emmanuel Macron had estimated, in an interview with the Parisian newspaper,

that we could not make the SNU mandatory in the whole country from day to day.

Which is not necessarily contradictory with the idea in terms of making it mandatory,

but simply because we felt that the government temporised on the implementation.

A few months later, in this case, in August, the Secretary of State in charge of youth and SNU

had said on FranceInfo, I quote,

There would be nothing worse than forcing a young man to go do the national service universal

and that this would be counterproductive.

However, as I was saying, there was a speech rather going towards an obligation a few days ago.

So, to clarify his remarks on FranceInfo,

by explaining that for the moment, we do not know that this generalisation and this obligation would be put in place.

And above all, I quote, that this is not the game of the moment.

In other words, yes, it could end up becoming mandatory, but it is still quite crazy.

I put you in any case links in the description, I would like to know more about it.

I leave the word blank for now.

Thank you Hugo and hello everyone.

We start with this act.

The former president of the National Assembly, Marine Le Pen and his father, Jean-Marie Le Pen,

are suspected to have participated in a system of detourning of European public funds between 2004 and 2016.

Justice therefore asked whether they were judged, as well as 22 other people,

to know European deputies and their parliamentary assistants.

In particular, they were accused of using a part of the European budget

to pay for assistants who were actually working for the party from Paris.

We will keep you updated.

We continue with the major act of this weekend in France.

It is the visit of the Pope to Marseille, which has arrived this Friday.

It is the second time that the Pope will be in France.

It was already made in Strasbourg in 2014 for a visit to the European Parliament.

So what is the programme?

Well, already, there will be a very expected mass this Saturday at the Vélodrome stadium.

Yes, yes, the stadium of L'OM, so nearly 60,000 faithfuls are expected, as well as Emmanuel Macron.

But his visit is especially placed under the sign of migrants,

a subject that has been expensive to him since his election in 2013.

He was especially given this Friday at the memorial dedicated to the sailors and migrants who disappeared in sea.

It must be known that he has traveled several times in Greece or on the island of Lampedusa in Italy since he was elected.

Third act, the Minister of National Education, Gabrielle Attal,

has announced the first track of measures to fight against the school harassment.

The first is to confiscate the portable phone of the harseller,

if the latter is in procedure with a child judge.

The minister also wishes to better check the age of users on social networks.

According to the information of the Parisian, he has specifically proposed to use and connect.

He is already employed today to prove his age and receive an environment of pasculture.

Other tracks prevent people who are in judicial procedure for harassment

to use social networks between 8 a.m. and 8 a.m. with a heavy sanction in case of lack.

Gabrielle Attal also wants to create anti-harassment brigades, constituting psychologists in each academy.

Finally, she has already mentioned, the minister has also thought of a questionnaire distributed to all students of France

to identify the worst harassment cases.

Fourth act, the talks continue between Armenia and Azerbaijan,

after the ceasefire, acted this Wednesday, despite 5 violations of this registered ceasefire.

Representatives of the two countries are particularly expressed in front of the Security Council of the Union.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs Armenian has accused Azerbaijan of having launched an unjustified and planned offensive.

On his side, his Azerbaijani homologue has denounced, I quote,

a campaign of disinformation from Armenia that he accused of feeding and supporting the separatists of the Ocaraba.

And concerning the talks that took place in the city of Yevlak in Azerbaijan,

the Azerbaijani president has qualified constructives, these two hours of discussion that took place this Thursday,

and she has announced that a new meeting would have happened as quickly as possible.

The discussions are on the reintegration of Azerbaijan, the territory of the Ocaraba,

mostly populated by Armenians, and which are considered independent.

Fifth act, 67 countries, as well as the European Union as an organization,

signed this Wednesday, a historic treaty to protect the Otmer, which had been adopted in June by the members of the UN.

So what is the Otmer?

Basically, it is the zone that begins where it stops, the exclusive economic zones,

the famous ZEU that you may have studied in high school, at least in my case,

and which belongs to states.

So it means that the Otmer is under the jurisdiction of no state.

The thing is that it represents almost half of the planet and more than 60% of the oceans,

and therefore the environmental issue is quite large.

So now the question is to know when this treaty could be entered into force.

Some hope that it will be during the next UN conference on the ocean, in France,

scheduled in 2025.

We will follow that.

Sixth act, three release journalists were summoned this Thursday by the Judiciary Police in Lille.

After a series of articles on the death of Amin Lekhnoun, a 23-year-old man killed by a police officer in late August 2022.

In their articles, the journalists have especially mentioned the lack of IGPN,

therefore the police of the police, and the judge of instruction in the investigations concerning Amin's death.

But then, why were they summoned by the police?

Well, the police evoke the reasons for the violation of the secret of instruction,

resell of the violation of the secret of instruction,

and public defamation because of the function or the quality of the public authority's depository.

Well, all this is a bit complicated, but in fact, following this convocation,

the Society of Journalists of Personnel and Liberation have denounced, I quote,

an inadmissible and undignified procedure of a democratic country,

where the freedom of the press must in no way be hindered.

Last news, I wanted to talk to you about a victory of the Autochtones people in Brazil

during a crucial process for their land.

Basically, the main goal of this process was to officially recognize who belonged to certain lands.

So we had on one side the Autochtones people,

who have been in Brazil for thousands of years,

and on the other, the lobby of the agronegos,

so the trade of agricultural products.

This lobby proposed not to recognize as land of the Autochtones,

only those they occupied at the time of the promulgation of the Constitution,

therefore the supreme law of Brazil.

The thing is that according to the Autochtones,

some territories were no longer occupied by them because they had been expelled.

The Supreme Court, the highest jurisdiction in the country,

finally gave reason to the Autochtones, it was therefore a very good news for them.

And then you have to know that the reserve is considered by scientists

as ramparts against deforestation,

which means that it plays a very important role in the fight against climate change.

That's the end of this summary of today's news.

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Listen, I think I said everything, take care and see you soon.

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