Global News Podcast: International Criminal Court issues arrest warrant for Putin
BBC 3/18/23 - Episode Page - 35m - PDF Transcript
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This is the Global News podcast from the BBC World Service.
I'm Valerie Sanderson and in the early hours of Saturday, the 18th of March,
these are our main stories. The International Criminal Court has used an arrest warrant for
President Putin, accusing him of the war crime of unlawfully deporting thousands of children
from Ukraine to Russia. Russia has condemned the ICC move as outrageous. There are fresh
concerns about the strength of the banking system. Plus, how many of these labs are there?
What are they working on? Who are they funded by to map this space and get a sense of what the
field looks like? Should there be greater scrutiny of the big rise in the number of biolabs?
Also in this podcast, police in Thailand are to be subject to random spot checks
on their mental health. And there is a moment right now where Indian docs, especially in the
last few years have done very well. Filmmakers have gone and really learned the ropes in terms of
how to work the industry. After a bumper night at the Oscars is the documentary making sector in
India experiencing a golden age. It's a label his enemies have long attached to him. Now judges
at the International Criminal Court in The Hague have issued a warrant for the arrest of Vladimir
Putin, which accuses him of being a war criminal. In a statement, the ICC said President Putin
and his commissioner for children's rights are suspected of unlawfully deporting thousands of
children from Ukraine to Russia during the ongoing war. Here's the president of the court,
Petro Avmansky. This is an important moment in the process of justice before the ICC.
The judges have reviewed the information and evidence submitted by the prosecutor and determined
that there are credible allegations against these persons for the alleged crimes.
So, how momentous is the move by the ICC? Anna Holigan is our correspondent in The Hague in
the Netherlands, the home of the court. I'm actually outside the ICC now. I have been speaking to the
prosecutor, Karim Khan. This is a hugely symbolic move, but he says it goes much further than this.
And when I asked him whether there was any realistic possibility of President Putin actually
ending up on trial here in The Hague, he said, well, look at history. And he pointed to a number
of other world leaders who have ended up actually behind bars. So he is optimistic this can happen.
It's actually really interesting that the court has chosen to focus on the deportation of children,
because as we know, since the start of the Russian invasion, there have been allegations of many
war crimes, crimes against humanity. And yet this one is very specific, focusing on Russia's alleged
movement of children from Ukraine across the border into Russia. And Russia has in the past
talked about this openly and said that it's being done for humanitarian reasons.
Ukraine estimates around 16,000 Ukrainian children have been forcibly transferred
into Russia. And under the Rome Statute, the document which underpins the ICC constitutes a
war crime, which is why Karim Khan, the prosecutor, has decided to issue these arrest warrants.
Well, other arrest warrants followed, you think, perhaps including crimes like the
killing of civilians? Karim Khan has visited Ukraine four times since the start of the invasion.
And during his last visit, he shared a photograph of him inside a children's home surrounded by
empty cots. He told me today, children can't be treated as the spoils of war. But he also
talked about some of the other alleged atrocities which have been committed, the targeting of
civilian infrastructure, for example, hospitals, power grids, water supplies, anything that's
not part of the military operation is unlawful. So it's quite probable, in fact, that more arrest
warrants will be issued. But for now, they're focusing on this one. And the prosecutor says
he is driven by the evidence. And that's what really matters here, because they're keen that this is
not seen as some kind of symbolic or political move. It's based on the evidence they have managed
to gather from Ukraine. But what power does the ICC actually have? I mean, it can't arrest people,
can it? Very good question. Russia is not a member of the ICC. So the reason the ICC is
able to investigate is because Ukraine gave the court temporary jurisdiction. Russia is
unlikely to surrender any suspects to face trial. But what this will mean, the implications are,
every member state is obliged to arrest any wanted suspects if they travel onto their territory. So
all of the countries that are signed up to the ICC are now obliged to arrest
President Putin, if he travels there, so it will, in fact, turn him into something of an
international pariah, make travel extremely difficult in the short term. Long term, there is a
possibility the prosecutor says he will one day end up here in the Hague. Anna Holigan. So what
reaction to the ICC arrest warrants has there been in Moscow? Olga Ivshina is from the BBC Russian
Service. Oh, there was quite some reaction. It also depends which side you're talking about. So
Russian officials have reacted promptly. The spokesperson for Russian Foreign Ministry said
Russia is not the member of Rome Statute, which means it doesn't have to follow the
decisions of ICC. And it doesn't mean anything for Russia. Former president of Russia and currently
the head of the Security Council, Dmitry Medvedev, went even further and posted the MOG of toilet
paper saying that you know what to do with this paper referring to the decision of ICC. If we
talk about the other side of the spectrum about Russian opposition, they were quite cheerful
and they reacted with posts like wow, amazing. This should have been done quite a while ago.
So they were quite supportive of the case. But do you think in a way this might play into what
President Putin is telling his people that the West are against us and everybody is our enemy?
Yes, absolutely. They're going to use that line. We need to remember that from the very beginning
of the invasion, this idea that Russia is saving children of Donobaspe was the main propaganda
slogan. Olga Ivshina from the BBC Russian Service. Our security correspondent Frank Gardner
examines the wider implications of Friday's development. No amount of angry dismissal by
Russia's leaders can change the fact that these arrest warrants are acutely embarrassing for the
Kremlin and for President Putin in particular. Are we about to see the former KGB man standing in
the dock in the Hague? No, not a chance. Russia doesn't recognize the ICC and it's hardly about to
hand over its all-powerful leader. But the branding of President Putin as a suspected war criminal
by a neutral pan-national body like the ICC, which has prosecuted plenty of hideous atrocities in the
past, shows it does not accept Moscow's repeated denials. This is important when it comes to the
information war, as Russia strives to convince much of the world that it's waging a noble war
of self-defense. Having a president who's now a wanted war crime suspect, accused of overseeing
the forced abduction of thousands of Ukrainian children, makes that narrative a lot harder to believe.
Frank Gardner. There were renewed concerns about the health of parts of the banking sector on
Friday despite recent multi-billion dollar bailouts of two troubled institutions,
the American Bank, First Republic and the European lender Credit Suisse.
Shares in both banks fail and stock markets in the US, UK, France and Germany have edged lower.
Our North America business correspondent, Samira Hussein, is in New York. I asked her about concerns
that the banks haven't recovered despite big injections of cash. In the United States, we saw
something pretty extraordinary. We saw that 11 different banks have all pulled a sum of money
and have lent it to another bank, First Republic. This was really done to shore up the bank, but
also to shore up confidence in the wider banking system. That doesn't seem to have convinced
people on Wall Street. If you look at the way that markets have been trading, there's still
a real sense of nervousness. Is there concern about the health of the entire banking system?
Absolutely. All of it is really just about this idea of contagion, part of the reason why
you're seeing all of this trouble with First Republic. It all started with the banking crisis
that began last week when you saw that US regulators took control over two US banks.
That spooked everyone and investors were thinking, okay, well now which bank is going to be next?
As a result, you're seeing so much pressure on the smaller regional banks like First Republic.
So what are the authorities likely to do now? Well, now it's really up to what happens next
in terms of investor sentiment, how investors feel, and also looking forward, it's really
about interest rates. We saw that the ECB this week said they're going to raise interest rates by
half a percentage point as planned. Next week, the US Federal Reserve, America Central Bank,
will be meeting. I think a lot of people are paying close attention to see what exactly they will
do, whether they will stay the course or if they will make a change in terms of interest rates.
Sameera Hussain. A few weeks ago, the FBI concluded that the COVID pandemic was most
likely caused by a leak in a biolab in the Chinese city of Wuhan. More recently, a former
director of the Centers for Disease Control, Dr. Robert Redfield, told the US Congressional
Committee hearing that he'd come to the same conclusion. That claim has never been substantiated,
but there's concern that the number of labs handling deadly germs has multiplied,
and they may not all be secure. Dr. Philippa Lenzos is based at King's College here in London
and has written a report on the issue, and she's been speaking to Owen Bennett-Jones.
Biolabs in and of themselves are not worrying. They're there to make sure we work safely with
dangerous bacteria and viruses. The worry is there's lots more of these now being built.
The key concern is really that there are some risks that come with building these labs. There are
risks about safety, risk to security, risk about potential dual use. How many of these labs do we
really need? Can you just explain to us why more are being built? I mean, who's building them and
why? Most of the labs are for public health purposes. There are some labs that are for
defense purposes. There are some labs that are academic research labs. We're now seeing a boom
in these labs following the pandemic. And most of them in the West or in Asia? Where are they?
Most of the labs that are now being built are not being built in the places where they have
traditionally been built. They're being built in Asia. They're being built in places that don't have
the biosecurity, biosafety frameworks, the legal frameworks in place to make sure that work with
these pathogens is being done safely, securely and responsibly. And you talked about dual use
and defense. So some of them are being used to create biological weapons, basically? No,
they're not being used to develop biological weapons. In order to find out what you need to
defend yourself, you, to some extent, need to create those weapons. But I think that is much
less of a concern than what we're seeing in sort of general high risk biological research, where
you are manipulating dangerous pathogens to make them even more dangerous. Why do you do that then?
You're making dangerous pathogens more dangerous in order to see what might be coming on the
horizon, what pandemic might be hitting us next. Not everyone finds that argument convincing,
myself included. And I think there are other means in which we can better prepare for future
pandemics and outbreaks. I get it. So this is basically what the Wuhan lab was doing in China.
And as I said at the beginning in the introduction, it's not clear what happened there and whether
there was a leak there or not. This is the sort of area you're talking about. Yes. And of course,
it's not just the Wuhan in pseudovirology that was doing these kinds of experiments. There are
experiments like this in our own country and in facilities across the world. But what we're really
trying to show is to step away from this picture that all of these facilities look like the Wuhan
facility and are doing dangerous research like the Wuhan facility. Lots of these facilities are
just there for doing medical analysis, diagnostics labs, essentially. It's really to get a sense of,
well, how many of these labs are there? What are they working on? Who are they funded by
to map this space and get a sense of what the field looks like?
I guess the difficulty is that if you're working in one of these labs, it must be so easy to catch
an illness from materials you're working with. And as soon as you've walked out of the lab,
you're a problem. Which is why you build containment facilities, why you build these labs.
It's to make sure you introduce practices, protocols to operate safely in these labs. So
that's all aspects of biosafety, which is relatively well developed. And that's one of the
things that we're seeing with the new labs being built, primarily in Asia, they don't have that
regulatory framework in place. And so that is one of the real concerns. And we're hoping that by
drawing attention to this, it will encourage those countries to make sure they have their
legislation in place once those labs are finally operating.
Dr. Philippa Lenzo speaking to Owen Bennett-Jones. India's recent victories at the Academy Awards,
winning Oscars for Best Original Song and Documentary Short, have given a big boost to
the country's film industry. Oscar night demonstrated to a global audience how India
is forging a new, vibrant form of escapers cinema, and that its documentary sector is also rapidly
developing. From Los Angeles, Tom Broke reports.
Natu Natu, an exuberant musical number from the Telugu language epic action drama RRR,
winning for Best Original Song, was a sweet victory for India, bringing forth jubilation in Hollywood
and India. The movie, one of the most expensive Indian films ever made, has become a huge international
hit, grossing around $150 million worldwide. Its director, SS Rajamuli, was a very happy man.
I make movies for Indians in India and across the globe, but the kind of reception it had
in America or in the western world is something that has been never been achieved by any other
Indian film ever.
RRR isn't Mumbai-centered Hindi-language Bollywood cinema. It's a movie in Telugu
from Hollywood in South India, and the Oscars endorsement on top of the film's box office
success is giving Hollywood a bit of a wake-up call, showing there are other ways of bringing
audiences film fantasy. RRR is an anti-colonist drama set in 1920s India, the story of the
relationship between two heroes, packed with action, musical numbers, and numerous computer
generated wild animals. It's impressed Indiwachi film critic Eric Cohen in New York.
There's something about RRR that's appealing to people that goes beyond the parameters of
South Asian cinema, and also I think a lot of audiences are starved of good escapism.
We have so many Marvel movies, we have so many Star Wars movies, that sort of storytelling
has started to feel kind of redundant. This is an original big spectacle, and it's just
really exciting to see that in a movie theater setting. India's other Oscar night victory was
for the Elephant Whispers, a story set in a rescue camp for orphaned elephants which
run for best documentary show. And India was also nominated for its feature length documentary,
All That Breeds, the story of two brothers who care for black kite birds which drop every day
from Delhi's small polluted skies. It was directed by Shanat Sen.
It's an ecological, sociopolitical, and a kind of emotional story around Delhi through the
relationship of two brothers, these two Muslim men, and this one particular bird of prey,
this raptor called the black kite. And through it we unravel these kinds of different currents
of the city, ecologically, sociopolitically, and emotionally. And All That Breeds director,
Shanat Sen, thinks that India's documentaries getting Oscar's recognition by way of a trophy
or a nomination shows the country's non-fiction film movement is really developing.
There is a moment right now where Indian docs, especially in the last few years have done very
well. Filmmakers have gone and really learned the ropes in terms of how to work the industry,
how to secure the resources, and in terms of film grammar really. Having said that,
I don't want to have a kind of simple-minded euphoric optimism about this moment. We're still
completely bogged down by a ton of problems of infrastructure, so I'm cautiously and very
guardedly optimistic. RRR and the Elephant Whispers Victories could mark a turning point,
the beginning of a new era in which Indian cinema is more enthusiastically celebrated
on the global stage. Tom Brooke. Now, before we move on with news of the happy pod this weekend,
here's Andrew Peach. Yes, the happy pod is half an hour of the happiest news stories in the world
and you'll find them here every Saturday. There's a big tech story this week about using a data
centre to heat a swimming pool for free. I've been talking to the man at the centre of it about how
he had the idea in a pub and how his idea might change, how he heat lots of things. There are
academic studies about happiness published pretty much every week. Going to hear from the oldest
this weekend at Harvard University in Massachusetts. They've been working on it since 1938 and we've
got many more of our listeners with the sounds that make them happy this week from Berlin,
Tallahassee, Vienna and Mexico City. Do get involved, send me your happy news global podcast
at bbc.co.uk and join me Andrew Peach for the happy pod this weekend. Andrew Peach putting a
smile on your face. Still to come in the global news podcast. I was not feeling good in myself so
I knew something drastic needed to happen and it was just a real like epiphany moment. I looked down
the coast and I just thought just walk the UK coast. How that decision has completely changed
the fortunes of a former British soldier. Opposition parties in France have tabled two
no confidence motions against the government. It comes a day after President Emmanuel Macron
used a technical mechanism to force a controversial pension reform bill through parliament without
a vote. A decision that brought protesters out on the streets. I asked our correspondent
Hugh Scofield in Paris if these motions would make any difference. We'll have to see. The procedure is
quite clear. He's just using a bit of possibility in the constitution for parliament to pass a law
without a vote. The quid pro quo of which is that there's a vote of confidence essentially in the
government if it's tabled by the opposition. The measure has not gone through yet. It will go through
if these censure motions early next week fail. So what we have now is two censure motions. One
which has been laid by the far right and another which has been laid by a small centrist group
which has a sport of the far left. Now the one the far right won't pass because the far left
will never vote for the far right. The one by the centrist group has much more of a chance because
that will attract the votes of the far right and the far left and so the numbers are going up then
and what they have to do is reach the halfway mark which is 287 I think and there I think there
are about 30 off that. So it depends a lot once again on the on the Conservative party the Republicans
party to see how many of them are prepared to vote for this census motion. I think probably it
won't get through them. That certainly seems to be the consensus in which case it will fail
and which case life goes on. The measure becomes law and you just have a very divided country behind
all of that. And a lot of demonstrations I mean are more protests and strikes planned against
Mr Macron's plan to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. I mean right now there's it kicked off
again at the Place de la Concorde but if you remember this time yesterday there was a spontaneous
demonstration there by about two or three thousand people which ended up with the police having to
intervene because fires were started and it turned nasty. They almost exactly the same pattern has
been repeated there tonight just watching the pictures a few minutes ago and the police are
again preparing to move in because certain elements shall we say are using it to vandalise. There's
works going around the obelisk in the middle of the Place de la Concorde and they're threatening
to set fire to that. So there and in other places there is going to be more trouble and then next
Thursday there's a day of strikes and demonstrations again and it just remains to be seen whether
this gathers momentum or whether as the government certainly hopes it sort of starts losing momentum
now when people realise well we put up a good fight but this is going to become law.
Use Cofield in Paris. A court in the Pakistani capital Islamabad has suspended an arrest warrant
for the main opposition leader Imran Khan that had prompted fierce clashes between his supporters
and police earlier this week. The former prime minister faces charges relating to his failure
to declare the profits he made from selling gifts he received from foreign countries
while he was in office. Mr Khan is also facing dozens of other charges including ones connected
to rioting and terrorism. Our Pakistan correspondent Caroline Davis reports.
Music, dancing and flags outside Lahore's High Court.
Inside Imran Khan had been given bail but that's not the only reason they were celebrating.
In a court in Islamabad the warrant for his arrest had been suspended after Mr Khan assured
the authorities that he would attend court on Saturday. It was this warrant that the police
were trying to enforce when they arrived at Mr Khan's home on Tuesday to arrest him.
The clashes between officers and Khan supporters left injured on both sides. Although the police
operation was suspended crowds of his supporters have stayed by Mr Khan's side. Many people we
spoken to here travelled for hours and have stayed for days to come and support Mr Khan and they are
adamant that they will continue to stay here because they feel he needs their protection.
We're not afraid of death we're with Imran Khan this supporter shouts.
I come here since the last one month and we will be there whatever the condition is we will be there
we will stand behind him like a rock. He's a fantastic guy he's an honest guy he cannot take
risk like leader like him and we as a worker we don't want to allow him come out from the home
but as per rule he will definitely come to the court as he came today till our last bed
and till our last drop of blood will save him.
Mr Khan and his party have said the reason why he hasn't appeared in court recently
is because he isn't safe opponents say he's using his supporters as a human shield to avoid the law
now all eyes are on Islamabad and Mr Khan's next long-awaited court appearance.
Caroline Davis a new report by the global commission on the economics of water warned
that demand for fresh water will outstrip supply by 40 percent by the end of this decade.
It highlights water wastage particularly in rich countries as a cause of what it says
is an approaching crisis worldwide. One of the report's lead experts is professor
Jayita Gupta from the Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research. Paul Henne asked her
if the problem of demand for water outstripping supply is new. It's not new we've had many cities
worldwide that have faced day zero a day when there is no water in the taps we've had many basins
that have reached a closed status which means that the demand for the water in that river basin
is higher than the water that is there and of course in relation to groundwater we are pumping
out groundwater faster than it's recharging and that means that we've had this problem for quite
some time now but it is becoming a global scale problem. Of course there are parts of the world
where there is no water shortages the temperate areas tend to be the richer areas does the report
highlight them as using too much water. Well it's not just about too much water it's about
some places in the world have too little some places have too much when we're talking in
terms of floods and some places have a lot of polluted water so in the richer countries in
the world we also see massive pollution of surface water and groundwater as well as we see
occasionally that the groundwater is dropping very low we see that rich countries also face the
problem of infrastructure breakdown so the pipes are breaking down in the United States
for drinking water services so you see a lot of trouble in the rich countries but you also see it
in the developing world. Now you say that one trend is countries going increasingly nervous
about sharing water that sounds ominous. Yes and you see the problem is that if we see water as scarce
and in fact through the history of humankind countries have begun to collaborate with each
other because of the scarcity but they've also begun to not to collaborate with each other
because of the scarcity and in fact in 2015 countries said in the 2030 agenda that they
would like to have full permanent sovereignty over their resources so this is a bit frightening
that countries don't want to share their water but it is really important that we try to create a
call for collective action to ensure that we understand that the global hydrological system
is a common shared commodity a global common good for all of us. Do you have any optimism that that
will happen greater cooperation just in a phrase or two? I don't know you know in 2015 we were quite
surprised that we were able to get together 17 goals from the international community so you
know a cooperation of the global level goes up and down and the question is whether next week
at this water conference whether we will be able to get that momentum forward that countries
actually willing to think about this I'm hoping that common sense will prevail. Professor Joyita
Gupta. In Thailand police are to be subject to random spot check mental health assessments
and the public will be encouraged to report any officers who appear to be mentally unwell.
I asked Nopon Wong and Anne from our Thai service why? Because just the incident just happened earlier
this week when a police officer started firing gun into the public from his house and that took
27 hours of this seizure to stop. Luckily nobody was killed except the police officer who was taken
out in the storm into his house and then there were gunfires that happening and then he got hit
by several bullets and he died in hospital. There was one officer who was also shot during the
raid as well but luckily a permit to protect them but that was an alarm for the public because
a recent incident happened just last year and that one killed more than 30 children in a school.
And that was a police officer too? It was so that kind of like raised the awareness that officers
with firearms could cause an incident more than general public and people who were working in
the police force tend to have more stress than ordinary people. So stressful people with firearms
that could cause a lot of trouble. And how have the police reacted to this news that there are
going to be these spot checks? This law was announced yesterday but it's too early to say
the reaction from them but in general the public will welcome this because often even in ordinary
life you see sometimes police officers after work they carry gun have a few drinks and what could
happen? And what are the public going to be advised to look out for? They are advised to if they spot
some police officers who may seem to have some mental health issues they can report this to a
hotline to a website that the police has recommended. People listening to this might think well the Thai
authorities should be fussier about who they recruit into the police at the beginning and they
should look out for mental health problems before these policemen are right on the streets. Yes and
no when they first recruit you can be ordinary people like you and I but the workload the stress
that they have or challenges that they've been through that could then change them into something
else as well and especially with this particular case that just happened people also saying that
he might have been allegedly abused by his colleagues harassed and then maybe unfairly
treated by his boss as well so that could turn him as an ordinary nice person into somebody else.
Ngopo and Wong An An from our Thai service. A former British soldier is nearing the end of
an incredible personal journey that's lasted nearly six years and covered nearly 14,000
kilometres. Chris Lewis is walking around the coast of Great Britain including the offshore
islands raising hundreds of thousands of dollars for charity along the way he's written a book
adopted a dog and met his girlfriend who recently gave birth to their son. Richard Hamilton has
been talking to him. Chris Lewis served in a British army parachute regiment but afterwards
he found it hard to adapt to civilian life and he struggled with mental health issues
and homelessness. Then in August 2017 he made a life changing decision. I've been suffering with
anxiety and depression for quite a while I was also a single parent and when my daughter was old
enough she kind of flew the nest and by this point I was not feeling good in myself so I knew
something drastic needed to happen and it was just a real like epiphany moment if you like I just came
out from a surf and I looked down the coast and I just thought you know what just walk the UK coast
and literally two days later I was gone. Chris set off with a tent on his back and 10 pounds in
his pocket. He learned to forage from the land and rely on the kindness of strangers who would
offer him food, a drink or a bed for the night. In 2018 he adopted a dog called Jet who's walked
beside him ever since. He'd been a single man for 10 years but then something extraordinary happened.
I lived on an uninhabited island off the west coast to Shetland for the first lockdown.
Just as the lockdown had finished I came back to mainland Scotland and I've walked down these
steps right down to the bottom of these sea cliffs and about an hour and a half into me being there
Kate sort of stumbled down she was on her own solo adventure doing wild camping across Scotland
for a week and yeah I just happened to meet her on my last night and we just spent the whole night
chatting we kept in touch and six weeks later Kate gave up everything and said can I come with you
and we started together then and you've now got a little sun that you'd take on the walk as well.
Magnus was born on the 1st of May last year and it was the best decision we ever made you know Magnus
is such a little bundle of joy he's always happy and he's thriving outside and he's always healthy
he's never ill it's a great little team that we've got. Chris, Kate, Magnus and Jet are now nearing
the end of their journey and hope to finish in three months time. Chris has acquired a huge
following on social media and many of his fans have donated to Safa a charity that supports
military veterans and their families so far they've raised more than three hundred and sixty
thousand dollars it's a remarkable story of a man who's literally walked himself to happiness.
Oh Richard Hamilton there. That's it from us for now but there'll be a new edition of the Global
News podcast later. This edition was mixed by Nick Randall and the producer was Emma Joseph.
The editor as ever is Karen Martin. I'm Valerie Sanderson until next time bye bye.
If you're listening to this podcast you must recognize the value of asking questions.
At Aramco our questions help us engineer a better future. How can today's resources fuel our shared
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of the future? How can we sow curiosity to harvest ingenuity? To learn more about how
innovation drives us forward visit Aramco.com slash powered by how. Inspiring the next generation
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The Founders Initiative by APX and Portia.
Machine-generated transcript that may contain inaccuracies.
It alleges the Russian President is responsible for war crimes for the unlawful deportation of children from Ukraine to Russia. Also: Shares in the troubled banks, Credit Suisse and First Republic, have plunged again as fears persist about their financial health, and the former soldier who has spent nearly 6 years walking the coastline of Great Britain.